Diet for pancreatitis

Pancreatitis is a disease in which the pancreas becomes inflamed.It plays a huge role in the digestive system: it regulates energy metabolism, synthesizes digestive juices and is responsible for the breakdown of carbohydrates.

The enzymes first enter the stomach, then the duodenum, where they begin to activate.If the pancreas is inflamed, the enzymes begin to “work” at an early stage, that is, even before secretion.Damage appears - the gland begins to digest itself, which causes some pancreatic cells to die.

The causes of pancreatitis can be:

• infectious diseases not related to the digestive system – for example, seasonal acute respiratory viral infections;
• diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
• poor diet;
• stress;
• alcohol abuse.

Pancreatitis can develop in several forms: acute, reactive and chronic.In acute cases, the pancreas may become completely or partially inflamed;reactive develops against the background of diseases of the digestive system - peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, gallbladder or liver.

The chronic form can be in remission for a long time and the disease most often progresses slowly.In most cases, inflammation returns when the diet is disrupted.

The nature of nutrition in pancreatitis of the pancreas plays an important role - it is impossible to prevent an exacerbation without adhering to a special diet.What types of diets are these and what principles are used to create a menu for pancreatitis?

Principles of nutrition for inflammation of the pancreas

The basic principle of creating a diet that normalizes the functioning of the pancreas is to minimize the load on the digestive organ.

During an exacerbation, doctors give the following recommendations to adults: "hunger, cold and rest."If the patient is hospitalized and the pancreatitis is in the acute stage, then he is advised to refuse food for 2-3 days, and useful substances - salts and liquids - enter the body drop by drop.If you fast at home, it is impossible to fully ensure normal fluid and electrolyte balance.You need and can drink, but only in small portions.

Even adults need to replenish their nutrient stores.Specially designed diets come to the rescue.The most “tested” of them is table no. 5.

The principles of this diet:

• create the most gentle conditions for the stomach and intestines - using mechanical and chemical unloading;
• eliminate pancreatic dysfunction;
• prevent negative changes in liver tissue - fatty infiltration;
• reduce the excitability of the gallbladder.

The diet should be followed not only during treatment of the disease, but also for a year after it goes into remission.

The main properties of the diet in the treatment of pancreatitis:

• In the daily menu, you should limit the number of products containing substances that have an extractive effect - stimulating the production of pancreatic enzymes:
1. refractory greases;
2. purines;
3. essential oils;
4. cholesterol;
5. coarse fibers;
6. glucose.
• The nature of the diet - foods with a high protein content reduce the amount of carbohydrates and fats.
• Cooking technology - boiling, steaming, cooking in foil, stewing.
• Meals are fractional - up to 6 times a day, in small portions.You must get up from the table with a slight feeling of malnutrition, so as not to overload the pancreas.
• For the first time after an exacerbation, you can only eat pureed foods.
• You will have to temporarily give up seasonings, especially salt;
• You cannot eat hot or cold food;Dishes should be heated to approximately body temperature – 36°C.

The drinking regime is limited.You can only drink as much as you want when the urge to vomit has completely disappeared.

There is no need to be afraid of dietary restrictions in the first days after an attack - fasting during treatment is only beneficial.

Diet menu for pancreatitis

When developing a menu for several days during an exacerbation of pancreatitis, you should immediately take into account its features - products must be crushed.For example, if there is meat - then soufflé or meatballs, potatoes - mashed potatoes, and so on...

The menu consists of the following products - a sample list of them:

• baby food - you can use both what is packaged in jars and in powder, which is then diluted with liquid;
• mash – potato, cauliflower or white cabbage;
• pureed cottage cheese.

Proportions of nutrients in the daily menu - fats - 50-70 g, proteins - 130-150 g, carbohydrates - 300-320 g.

Approximately 2-4 days after the exacerbation, nausea disappears and it is necessary to restore the amount of fluid in the body.You should drink about 1.5 liters of water per day, in small sips, a glass every 6 hours.Heavier dishes are introduced into the diet gradually, after the pain is eliminated, one item for each meal.

From this time - approximately day 4 - the menu includes the following dishes and products:

• kefir – only low fat;
• chicken breast broths;
• egg white omelet;
• non-acidic berry juice, diluted half with water;
• rosehip decoction;
• up to about 30 g of honey per day;
• dried wholemeal bread;
• unsweetened crackers or cookies;
• boiled pasta - you cannot use pasta or curls, preference should be given to small noodles;
• the porridge is passed through a sieve;for pancreatitis, you can cook it from buckwheat or oatmeal (some nutritionists allow semolina, but it must be completely cooked so that it does not swell in the stomach).

You can eat the following foods:

• lean meat - chicken breast, beef, rabbit;
• fish – boiled, only meat can be used;fish soup and other soups made from fish broth cannot be consumed;
• fruit – baked or blanched;
• meat broth - secondary;
• vegetable puree - broccoli, cauliflower, pumpkin.

The nature of nutrition during pancreatitis depends on the general condition of the patient.

How does the nutritional pattern change in pancreatitis?

An approximate diet menu in the first days after an exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis looks approximately as follows:

1 day:

• breakfast – half a portion of glutinous oatmeal soup and half a glass of still mineral water;
• snack – baked apple without skin or sugar;
• lunch - mashed potatoes - also half a portion - with milk, without any seasonings;
• afternoon snack - jelly and bread flour;
• dinner - buckwheat porridge with weak tea, whitened milk;
• go to bed - a little milk diluted with water.

Day 2:

• breakfast – steamed protein omelet, chamomile decoction;
• snack – baked pear;
• lunch – pearl barley soup, ground, in water, crackers with compote;
• afternoon snack – milk soufflé;
• dinner - semolina porridge, dried fruit puree, weak tea;
• going to bed - half a glass of rosehip decoction.

Then you can relax the diet a little - if the condition has returned to normal:

• breakfast – oatmeal with dried fruits, preferably with raisins, rosehip decoction;
• snack – raw banana;
• lunch – steamed fish with carrot puree, dried fruit compote;
• afternoon snack - cottage cheese seasoned with honey;
• dinner - rice porridge with milk with weak tea;
• go to bed - half a glass of diluted milk.

The diet for chronic pancreatitis, when the condition has returned to normal, may look like this - an approximate version of the daily menu:

• breakfast - vegetable puree, a piece of meat soufflé, juice diluted with water, weak tea;
• snack - a protein omelet, steamed chicken breast cutlet, a piece of dried bread, kefir;
• lunch - small noodles in chicken breast broth, boiled vegetables with a piece of steamed fish, bread, dried fruit compote;
• afternoon snack - crackers with sweet berry jelly, maybe a little honey;
• dinner - steamed meatballs, rice porridge (or mashed potatoes), stewed vegetables, tea.

If you want to eat before bed, you can eat a cracker, a sweet fruit or drink a glass of kefir.

A well-designed menu for the treatment of pancreatitis will help to quickly bring the disease into remission.The diet should be followed for a year after the last exacerbation.